EMPATHY PARADIGM

Journal Article

Developmental Trauma: Conceptual Framework, Associated Risks and Comorbidities, and Evaluation and Treatment

Cruz, D., Lichten, M., Berg, K., & George, P.

2022

Development,Children/Childhood,Trauma,Treatment

Cruz, D., Lichten, M., Berg, K., & George, P. (2022). Developmental trauma: Conceptual framework, associated risks and comorbidities, and evaluation and treatment. Frontiers in psychiatry, 13, 800687.

Journal Article

Cults and Persuasion: Submission as Preference Shifting

Corvaglia, L.

2022

Cults,Control/Influence

Corvaglia, L. (2022). Cults and persuasion. Submission as preference shifting. International Journal of Coercion, Abuse and Manipulation. https://doi.org/10.7182/PRTR.15.1.0N13660R26G725KJ

Book

Altogether You: Experiencing Personal and Spiritual Transformation with Internal Family Systems

Riemersma, J.

2020

Parts Work,Counseling/Therapy,Religion/Spirituality

Riemersma, J. (2020). Altogether you: Experiencing personal and spiritual transformation with Internal Family Systems therapy. Pivotal Press.

Journal Article

The Spiritual Trauma Experienced by Victims of Sexual Abuse by Catholic Clergy

Doyle, T. P.

2008

Sexual Abuse,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Doyle, T. P. (2008). The Spiritual Trauma Experienced by Victims of Sexual Abuse by Catholic Clergy. Pastoral Psychology. 58. 239-260. 10.1007/s11089-008-0187-1.

Journal Article

Religious/Spiritual Abuse, Meaning-Making, and Posttraumatic Growth

Perry, S.

2024

Abuse ,Trauma,Religion/Spirituality

Perry, S. (2024). Religious/Spiritual Abuse, Meaning-Making, and Posttraumatic Growth. Religions, 15(7), 824. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15070824

Journal Article

Religious Fundamentalism: A Conceptual and Empirical Study Among Muslims of Turkish Origin in Germany

Pollack, D., Müller, O., & Demmrich, S.

2024

Fundamentalism

Pollack, D., Müller, O., & Demmrich, S. (2024) Religious Fundamentalism: A Conceptual and Empirical Study Among Muslims of Turkish Origin in Germany. Sociology of Religion. 10.1093/socrel/srae035. DOI: doi.org/10.1093/socrel/srae035

Journal Article

Religious Social Support, Discrimination, and Psychiatric Disorders Among Black Adolescents

Hope, M. O., Assari, S., Cole-Lewis, Y. C., & Caldwell, C. H.

2017

BIPOC,Religion/Spirituality

Hope, M. O., Assari, S., Cole-Lewis, Y. C., & Caldwell, C. H. (2017). Religious social support, discrimination, and psychiatric disorders among Black adolescents. Race and Social Problems, 9(2), 102-114. DOI: 10.1007/s12552-016-9192-7.

Journal Article

I Was Taught to See Sexuality as Something Evil: A Qualitative Study on the Impact of a Cult Childhood on Sexual Development

Sälzer, M. & Jungbauer, J.

2023

Sex/Sexuality,Purity Culture,Cults,Children/Childhood

Sälzer, M. & Jungbauer, J. (2023). "I was Taught to See Sexuality as Something Evil": A Qualitative Study on the Impact of a Cult Childhood on Sexual Development. International Journal of Coercion Abuse and Manipulation. 2023. 1-14. 10.54208/1000/0007/001.

Journal Article

A Primer on Memory Reconsolidating and Its Psychotherapeutic Use as a Core Process of Profound Change

Ecker, B., Ticic, R., & Hulley, L.

2013

Trauma,Memory Reconsolidation

Ecker, B., Ticic, R., & Hulley, L. (2013). A Primer on Memory Reconsolidating and Its Psychotherapeutic Use as a Core Process of Profound Change. The Neuropsychotherapist, 1, 82-99. https://doi.org/10.12744/tnpt(1)082-099

Journal Article

A National Study of Adult Women Sexually Abused by Clergy: Insights for Social Workers

Pooler, D., & Barros-Lane, L.

2022

Sexual Abuse,Women,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Pooler, D., & Barros-Lane, L. (2022). A national study of adult women sexually abused by clergy: Insights for social workers. Social Work, 67(2), 123-133.

Journal Article

Addressing Intimate Partner Violence Within a Religious Context

Levitt, H., Horne, S., Wheeler, E., & Wang, M.

2015

Abuse ,Domestic/Interpersonal Violence

Levitt, H., Horne, S., Wheeler, E., & Wang, M. (2015) Addressing Intimate Partner Violence Within a Religious Context. Spiritually Oriented Psychotherapy for Trauma.

Journal Article

Adverse Childhood Experiences, Religious/Spiritual Struggles, and Mental Health Symptoms

McCormick, W., Carroll, T., Sims, B., & Currier, J.

2017

Children/Childhood,Health,Symptoms

McCormick, W., Carroll, T., Sims, B., & Currier, J. (2017) Adverse Childhood Experiences, Religious/Spiritual Struggles, and Mental Health Symptoms. Mental Health, Religion & Culture.

Book

Affirmative Counseling with LGBTQI+ People in Affirmative Counseling with LGBTQI+ People

Ginicola, M., Filmore, J., Stokes, M., & Smith, C.

2017

LGBTQ, Affirming ,Counseling/Therapy

Ginicola, M., Filmore, J., Stokes, M., & Smith, C. (2017) Affirmative Counseling with LGBTQI+ People in Affirmative Counseling with LGBTQI+ People.

Journal Article

An Exploratory Study on Mental Health, Social Problems & Spiritual Damage in Victims of Child Sexual Abuse by Catholic Clergy and Other Perpetrators

Pereda, N., Guilera, G., Forns, M., & Gómez-Benito, J.

2022

Sexual Abuse,Children/Childhood,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Pereda, N., Guilera, G., Forns, M., & Gómez-Benito, J. (2022). An exploratory study on mental health, social problems, & spiritual damage in victims of child sexual abuse by Catholic clergy and other perpetrators. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse.

Journal Article

An Update on the Dissociative Experiences Scale

Carlson, E. & Putnam, F.

1993

Dissociation,Assessment/Questionnaire,Treatment

Carlson, E. & Putnam, F. (1993) An Update on the Dissociative Experiences Scale.

Journal Article

Approaches to Understanding and Aligning with Religious Leaders

McLaughlin, et al.

2022

Religious Leaders/Clergy

McLaughlin, C., Stinson, R., & Docherty, M. (2022). Approaches to understanding and aligning with religious leaders: A latent profile analysis of religious leaders’ worldviews. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.

Journal Article

Associations of Childhood Trauma Experiences with Religious and Spiritual Struggles

Janů, A., Maliňáková, K., Malinakova, K., Kosarkova, A., & Tavel, P.

2020

Children/Childhood,Trauma,Religion/Spirituality

Janů, A., Maliňáková, K., Malinakova, K., Kosarkova, A., & Tavel, P. (2020). Associations of childhood trauma experiences with religious and spiritual struggles. Journal of Health Psychology. 10.1177/1359105320950793

Journal Article

Attachment Theory and Religion

Cherniak, M., Thiemann, P., & Mackay, D.

2021

Attachment

Cherniak, M., Thiemann, P., & Mackay, D. (2021). Attachment theory and religion. Current Opinion in Psychology.

Journal Article

Being In-Between: Exploring Former Cult Members' Experiences of an Acculturation Process Using the Cultural Formulation Interview

Hadding, C., Semb, O., Lehti, A., Fahlström, M., Sandlund, M., & DeMarinis, V.

2023

Cults,Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Culture,Recovery

Hadding, C., Semb, O., Lehti, A., Fahlström, M., Sandlund, M., & DeMarinis, V. (2023). Being in-between; exploring former cult members' experiences of an acculturation process using the cultural formulation interview (DSM-5). Frontiers in psychiatry, 14, 1142189. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1142189

Thesis

Betrayed by the Divine and Overlooked by Scholarship: An Inquiry into Spiritual Abuse and Religious Trauma

Bisantz, L.

2023

Betrayal ,Racism,BIPOC

Bisantz, L. (2023) Betrayed by the Divine and Overlooked by Scholarship: An Inquiry into Spiritual Abuse and Religious Trauma. University of Colorado Honors Journal.

Journal Article

Beyond PTSD: A Multi-Case Study Exploring Identity, Moral Injury, and Spiritual Injury

Grimell, J. & Atuel, H.

2023

PTSD/CPTSD,Identity,Moral Injury

Grimell, J. & Atuel, H. (2023) Beyond PTSD: A Multi-Case Study Exploring Identity, Moral Injury, and Spiritual Injury. Journal of Veterans Studies.

Journal Article

Bodily Maps of Emotions

Nummenmaa, et al.

2014

Body ,Emotions,Somatic

Nummenmaa, L., Glerean, E., Hari, R., & Hietanen, J. K. (2014). Bodily maps of emotions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(2), 646–651.

Journal Article

Child Sexual Abuse in Protestant Christian Congregations: A Descriptive Analysis of Offense and Offender Characteristics

Denney, A., Kerley, K., & Gross, N.

2018

Sexual Abuse,Children/Childhood,Christianity

Denney, A., Kerley, K., & Gross, N. (2018). Child Sexual Abuse in Protestant Christian Congregations: A Descriptive Analysis of Offense and Offender Characteristics. Religions. 9. 27. 10.3390/rel9010027.

Journal Article

Christian Shame and Religious Trauma

Downie, A.

2022

Christianity,Shame,Trauma

Downie, A. (2022) Christian Shame and Religious Trauma. Religions.

Journal Article

Clinical Considerations of the Evangelical Purity Movement's Impact on Female Sexuality

Estrada, L. L.

2022

Purity Culture,Sex/Sexuality,Women

Estrada, L. L. (2021). Clinical Considerations of the Evangelical Purity Movement’s Impact on Female Sexuality. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 48(2), 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2021.1977445

Journal Article

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Kar, N.

2011

Cognitive,PTSD/CPTSD,Treatment

Kar, N. (2011) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for the Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Neuropsychiatry Dis Treatment.

Book

Complex PTSD: From Surviving to Thriving: A Guide and Map for Recovering from Childhood Trauma

Walker, P.

2013

PTSD/CPTSD,Children/Childhood,Development,Recovery

Walker, P. (2013) Complex PTSD: From Surviving to Thriving: A Guide and Map for Recovering from Childhood Trauma.

Book

Congregations in 21st Century America

Chaves, M., & Lehrer, E. L.

2021

Religion/Spirituality,Culture,Prevalence/Statistics

Chaves, M., & Lehrer, E. L. (2021). Congregations in 21st century America. Department of Sociology, Duke University.

Journal Article

Consequences of Abuse by Religious Authorities

McGraw, C. & Pargament, K.

2019

Abuse , Authority ,Religious Leaders/Clergy

McGraw, C., & Pargament, K. I. (2019). Consequences of abuse by religious authorities. Traumatology.

Journal Article

Construction and Validation of a Muslim Religious Trauma Scale

Üzeyir Ok, Ayşe Burcu Gören, Çiğdem Gülmez

2024

Assessment/Questionnaire,Muslim

Ok, Ü., Gören, A. B., & Gülmez, Ç. (2024). Construction and validation of a Muslim religious trauma scale. Journal of loss & trauma. 10.1080/15325024.2024.2412294

Journal Article

Contemporary Review of Empirical and Clinical Studies of Trauma Bonding in Violent or Exploitative Relationships

Reid, J. A., Haskell, R. A., Dillahunt-Aspillaga, C., & Thor, J. A.

2013

Trauma,Literature Review,Trauma Bonding

Reid, J. A., Haskell, R. A., Dillahunt-Aspillaga, C., & Thor, J. A. (2013). Contemporary review of empirical and clinical studies of trauma bonding in violent or exploitative relationships. International Journal of Psychology Research, 8(1), 37–73.

Journal Article

Cult Conversion from the Perspective of Families: Implications for Prevention and Psychological Intervention

Castaño, Á., Bélanger, J., & Moyano, M.

2022

Conversion Practices,Cults,Family,Treatment

Castaño, Á., Bélanger, J., & Moyano, M. (2022) Cult Conversion from the Perspective of Families: Implications for Prevention and Psychological Intervention. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.

Book

Cult Recovery: A Clinician's Guide to Working with Former Members and Families

Lorna Goldberg, William Goldberg, Rosanne Henry, Michael Langone

2017

Cults,Recovery,Counseling/Therapy,Treatment

Goldberg, L., Goldberg, W., Henry, R., & Langone, M. (2017) Cult Recovery: A Clinician's Guide to Working with Former Members and Families. International Cultic Studies Association.

Thesis

Cultic Abuse Recovery: Counseling Considerations

Oblak, R.

2019

Abuse ,Treatment,Cults,Recovery

Oblak, R. (2019) Cultic Abuse Recovery: Counseling Considerations. International Journal of Cultic Studies.

Journal Article

Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Intervention in Faith Communities

Igwe, E., Peter-Anyebe, A. & Agama, O

2025

Domestic/Interpersonal Violence,Religious Leaders/Clergy,Treatment

Igwe, E., Peter-Anyebe, A. & Agama, O. (2025). Culturally Responsive Domestic Violence Intervention in Faith Communities: A Review of Trauma-Informed. 1. 34-42. 10.26480/svs.01.2025.34.42.

Journal Article

Dealing With the Trauma of Leaving Religion Behind

Winzenried, C.

2022

Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Trauma

Winzenried, C. (2022) Dealing With the Trauma of Leaving Religion Behind. The Australian Humanist.

Book

Deconstructing Your Faith Without Losing Yourself

Herrington, A. J.

2024

Deconstruction,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Identity

Herrington, A. J. (2024). Deconstructing your faith without losing yourself. Grand Rapids, Michigan, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company.

Journal Article

Development and Evaluation of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale-5 (RSS-5)

Salcone, S., Currier, J., Mcdermott, R., Davis, D., Raines, A., Lee, Y., Exline, J. & Pargament, K.

2025

Assessment/Questionnaire,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Religion/Spirituality

Salcone, S., Currier, J., Mcdermott, R., Davis, D., Raines, A., Lee, Y., Exline, J. & Pargament, K. (2025). Development and Evaluation of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale-5 (RSS-5). Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment. 47.

Journal Article

Development and Validation of the Psychological Abuse Experienced in Groups Scale (PAEGS)

Saldaña, O., Rodríguez-Carballeira, Á., Almendros, C., & Escartín, J.

2017

Assessment/Questionnaire,Cults, Abuse

Saldaña, O., Rodríguez-Carballeira, Á., Almendros, C., & Escartín, J. (2017). Development and validation of the psychological abuse experienced in groups scale. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 9(2), 57-64.

Thesis

Development of a Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire

Keller, K.

2016

Abuse ,Assessment/Questionnaire,Religion/Spirituality

Keller, K. (2016). Development of a spiritual abuse questionnaire (Doctoral dissertation). ProQuest Dissertations Publishing.

Journal Article

Development of the Spiritual Harm and Abuse Scale

Koch, D. & Edstrom, L.

2022

Abuse ,Religion/Spirituality,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Assessment/Questionnaire

Koch, D. & Edstrom, L. (2022) Development of the Spiritual Harm and Abuse Scale, Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion.

Book

Disidentification (As a Survival Strategy for Religious Trauma)

Ramler, M. E.

2022

Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Trauma,Recovery

Ramler, M. E. (2022). Disidentification (as a survival strategy for religious trauma). In J. Rhodes & J. Alexander (Eds.) The Routledge handbook of queer rhetoric (pp. 281-289). Routledge.

Journal Article

Distorting Concepts, Obscured Experiences: Hermeneutical Injustice in Religious Trauma and Spiritual Violence

Panchuk, M.

2020

Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Religion/Spirituality,Trauma,Violence

Panchuk, M. (2020) Distorting Concepts, Obscured Experiences: Hermeneutical Injustice in Religious Trauma and Spiritual Violence. Hypatia.

Journal Article

Evaluation of the FICA Tool for Spiritual Assessment

Borneman T., Ferrell B., & Puchalski, C.

2010

Religion/Spirituality,Assessment/Questionnaire,Counseling/Therapy

Borneman, T., Ferrell, B., & Puchalski, C. (2010) Evaluation of the FICA Tool for Spiritual Assessment. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2010 Aug;40(2):163-73.

Journal Article

Examining Religious Disaffiliation Through a Family Systems Lens: Implications for Treatment

Knight, A., Esmiol Wilson, E., Ward, D., & Nice, L.

2019

Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Family,Treatment

Knight, A., Esmiol Wilson, E., Ward, D., & Nice, L. (2019) Examining Religious Disaffiliation Through a Family Systems Lens: Implications for Treatment. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy.

Journal Article

Exploring Black Clergy Perspectives on Religious/Spiritual Related Domestic Violence

Davis, M. & Johnson, M.

2021

BIPOC,Domestic/Interpersonal Violence,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Davis, M. & Johnson, M. (2021) Exploring Black Clergy Perspectives on Religious/Spiritual Related Domestic Violence. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma.

Journal Article

Exploring Relationships Between Genito-Pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder, Sex Guilt, and Religiosity Among College Women in the U.S

Azim, F., Ginsberg, N., Becker, B., & Scheffler, K.

2021

Sex/Sexuality,Women,Somatic

Azim, F., Ginsberg, N., Becker, B., & Scheffler, K. (2021). Exploring relationships between genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder, sex guilt, and religiosity among college women in the U.S. The Journal of Sexual Medicine.

Journal Article

Exploring Self-Disclosure Between the Survivor-Therapist and Survivor-Clients

Bainbridge, A.

2022

Self-Disclosure,Treatment,Recovery,Counseling/Therapy

Bainbridge, A. (2022) Exploring Self-Disclosure Between the Survivor-Therapist and Survivor-Clients. Counseling and Psychotherapy Research.

Journal Article

Failure to Escape Traumatic Shock

Seligman, M. & Maier, S.

1967

Trauma, Learned Helplessness

Seligman, M. & Maier, S. (1967) Failure to Escape Traumatic Shock. Journal of Experimental Psychology.

Assessment Tool

FICA Spiritual History Tool: A Guide for Spiritual Assessment in Clinical Settings

Puchalski, C.

2025

Assessment/Questionnaire,Religion/Spirituality

Puchalski, C. (2025) FICA Spiritual History Tool: A Guide for Spiritual Assessment in Clinical Settings. The GW Institute for Spirituality & Health.

Journal Article

Gender and Domestic Abuse Victimisation Among Churchgoers in North West England

Barnes, R., & Aune, K.

2021

Gender, Abuse ,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Barnes, R., & Aune, K. (2021) Gender and Domestic Abuse Victimisation Among Churchgoers in North West England. Journal of Gender-Based Violence.

Journal Article

General Principles for a Social Learning Framework of Personality Study

Rotter, J.

1954

Social,Personality,Identity

Rotter, J. (1954) General Principles for a Social Learning Framework of Personality Study.

Journal Article

Holding Bishops Accountable: How Lawsuits Helped the Catholic Church Confront Clergy Sexual Abuse

Lytton, T. D.

2008

Sexual Abuse,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Lytton, T. D. (2008). Holding bishops accountable: How lawsuits helped the Catholic Church confront clergy sexual abuse. Harvard University Press.

Journal Article

I Feel Like God Doesn’t Like Me: Faith and Ambiguous Loss Among Transgender Youth

Okrey Anderson, S., & Mcguire, J.

2021

LGBTQ,Transgender,Youth,Conversion Practices

Okrey Anderson, S., & Mcguire, J. (2021) I Feel Like God Doesn’t Like Me: Faith and Ambiguous Loss Among Transgender Youth. Family Relations.

Journal Article

Identifying Systemic Factors When Counseling Black Women of Christian Faith in the USA

Harper, S., McCarthy, M., & Samuelsen, K.

2023

BIPOC,Women,Christianity,Counseling/Therapy

Harper, S., McCarthy, M., & Samuelsen, K. (2023). Identifying systemic factors when counseling black women of Christian faith in the USA. Journal of Religion and Health.

Journal Article

Identifying Well‐Being Profiles and Resilience Characteristics in Ex‐Members of Fundamentalist Christian Faith Communities

Thoma, C., Fruits, E., & Eisenberg, M.

2022

Fundamentalism,Deconstruction,Assessment/Questionnaire

Thoma, C., Fruits, E., & Eisenberg, M. (2022). Identifying well-being profiles and resilience characteristics in ex-members of fundamentalist Christian faith communities. Stress and Health.

Journal Article

Improved Treatment for Developmental Trauma

Abrams, Z.

2021

Treatment,Development,Children/Childhood

Abrams, Z. (2021) Improved Treatment for Developmental Trauma. Monitor on Psychology.

Journal Article

Intergenerational Transmission of Religious Trauma Manifestations, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications

Pazer, S.

2024

Multigenerational,Trauma

Pazer, S. (2024). Intergenerational Transmission of Religious Trauma: Manifestations, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Implications. International Journal of Progressive Research in Engineering Management and Science. 04. 356-363. 10.58257/IJPREMS36237.

Journal Article

Internal Family Systems Therapy with Victims of Religious Trauma: Efficacy in Treating Trauma Symptoms and Impact on the Desire to Engage with Spirituality

Zhao, R.

2022

Treatment,IFS,Counseling/Therapy,Religion/Spirituality

Zhao, R. Y. (2022). Internal family systems therapy with victims of religious trauma: Efficacy in treating trauma symptoms and impact on the desire to engage with spirituality.

Journal Article

Inventory of Complicated Spiritual Grief (ICSG) 2.0

Burke, L. A., Crunk, A. E., Neimeyer, R. A., & Bai, H.

2019

Assessment/Questionnaire,Grief,Treatment

Burke, L. A., Crunk, A. E., Neimeyer, R. A., & Bai, H. (2021). Inventory of Complicated Spiritual Grief 2.0 (ICSG 2.0): Validation of a revised measure of spiritual distress in bereavement. Death studies.

Journal Article

Leaving a Covenantal Religion: Orthodox Jewish Disaffiliation From an Immigration Psychology Perspective

Engelman, et al.

2020

Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Judaism

Engelman, J., Milstein, G., Schonfeld, I., & Grubbs, J. (2020) Leaving a Covenantal Religion: Orthodox Jewish Disaffiliation From an Immigration Psychology Perspective. Mental Health, Religion & Culture.

Book

Leaving the Fold: A Guide for Former Fundamentalists and Others Leaving Their Religion.

Winell, M. & Allen, S.

2016

Fundamentalism,Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Deconstruction

Winell, M. & Allen, S. (2016) Leaving the Fold: A Guide for Former Fundamentalists and Others Leaving Their Religion.

Journal Article

Living Between Two Different Worlds: Experiences of Leaving a High-Cost Religious Group

Björkmark, M., Nynäs, P., & Koskinen, C.

2022

Disaffiliation/Disidentification,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Björkmark, M., Nynäs, P., & Koskinen, C. (2022) Living Between Two Different Worlds: Experiences of Leaving a High-Cost Religious Group. Journal of Religion and Health.

Journal Article

Long-Term Effects of a Cult Childhood on Attachment, Intimacy, and Close Relationships

Kern, C. & Jungbauer, J.

2022

Attachment ,Children/Childhood,Cults,Relationships

Kern, C. & Jungbauer, J. (2022) Long-Term Effects of a Cult Childhood on Attachment, Intimacy, and Close Relationships. Clinical Social Work Journal.

Journal Article

Lost Saints: Desacralization, Spiritual Abuse, and Magic Mushrooms

Lutkajtis, A.

2022

Abuse ,Desacralization,Religion/Spirituality

Lutkajtis, A. (2022) Lost Saints: Desacralization, Spiritual Abuse, and Magic Mushrooms. Fieldwork in Religion, 14(2).

Journal Article

Mechanisms of Religious Trauma Amongst Queer People in Australia’s Evangelical Churches

Hollier, J., Clifton, S., & Smith-Merry, J.

2022

Religion/Spirituality,Trauma,LGBTQ,Evangelicalism

Hollier, J., Clifton, S., & Smith-Merry, J. (2022) Mechanisms of Religious Trauma Amongst Queer People in Australia’s Evangelical Churches. Clinical Social Work Journal.

Book

My Body Is Not a Prayer Request: Disability Justice in the Church

Kenny, A.

2022

Health,Disability,Religious/Spiritual Abuse, Abuse

Kenny, A. (2022) My Body Is Not a Prayer Request: Disability Justice in the Church.

Journal Article

Navigating Potentially Traumatic Conservative Religious Environments as a Sexual/Gender Minority

Lefevor, G., Huffman, C., & Blaber, I.

2021

LGBTQ,Gender,Sex/Sexuality

Lefevor, G., Huffman, C., & Blaber, I. (2021) Navigating Potentially Traumatic Conservative Religious Environments as a Sexual/Gender Minority. Violence Against LGBTQ+ Persons: Research, Practice, and Advocacy.

Book

No Bad Parts: Healing Trauma and Restoring Wholeness with the Internal Family Systems Model

Richard Schwartz

2021

Counseling/Therapy,Treatment

Schwartz, R. (2021) No Bad Parts: Healing Trauma and Restoring Wholeness with the Internal Family Systems Model. Sounds True.

Journal Article

Percentage of U.S. Adults Suffering from Religious Trauma: A Sociological Study

Slade, D, Smell, A., Wilson, E. & Drumsta, R.

2023

Prevalence/Statistics

Slade, D, Smell, A., Wilson, E. & Drumsta, R. (2023) Percentage of U.S. Adults Suffering from Religious Trauma: A Sociological Study. Socio-Historical Examination of Religion and Ministry.

Educational Tool

Power and Control Wheel: The Duluth Model

Domestic Abuse Intervention Project

1993

Abuse ,Domestic/Interpersonal Violence

Domestic Abuse Intervention Project (1993) Power and Control Wheel; The Duluth Model.

Journal Article

Prevalence of Sexual Pain Among Cisgender Muslim Women in North America

Rahman, S., McGowan, K., Sun, C., & Durrant, H.

2023

Muslim,Women,Sex/Sexuality,Somatic

Rahman, S., McGowan, K., Sun, C., & Durrant, H. (2023). Prevalence of sexual pain among cisgender Muslim women in North America. The Journal of Sexual Medicine.

Journal Article

Protecting the Sacred Tree: Conceptualizing Spiritual Abuse Against Native American Elders

Gray, J.

2022

Abuse ,Indigenous,Religion/Spirituality

Gray, J. (2022) Protecting the Sacred Tree: Conceptualizing Spiritual Abuse Against Native American Elders. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.

Assessment Tool

Psychological Abuse Experienced in Groups Scale (PAEGS)

Saldaña, O., Rodríguez-Carballeira, Á., Almendros, C., & Escartín, J.

2017

Assessment/Questionnaire,Cults, Abuse

Saldaña, O., Rodríguez-Carballeira, Á., Almendros, C., & Escartín, J. (2017). Development and validation of the psychological abuse experienced in groups scale. The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 9(2), 57-64.

Journal Article

Psychological Trauma and Moral Injury in Religious Leaders During COVID-19

Greene, T., Bloomfield, M., Bloomfield, M. A. P., & Billings, J.

2020

Religious Leaders/Clergy,Moral Injury

Greene, T., Bloomfield, M., Bloomfield, M. A. P., & Billings, J. (2020). Psychological trauma and moral injury in religious leaders during COVID-19. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy. 10.1037/tra0000641

Book

Pure: Inside the Evangelical Movement That Shamed a Generation of Young Women and How I Broke Free

Klein, L. K.

2018

Purity Culture,Women,Sex/Sexuality

Klein, L. K. (2018). Pure : Inside the Evangelical movement that shamed a generation of young women and how I broke free. Touchstone.

Journal Article

Rebuilding a Full Life After Walking Away From Organized Religion

Abramson, A.

2025

Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Disaffiliation/Disidentification

Abramson, A. (2025, June 1). Rebuilding a full life after walking away from organized religion. Monitor on Psychology, 56(4). https://www.apa.org/monitor/2025/06/meaningful-life-after-religion

Book

Recovery From Cults

Langone, M.

1993

Cults,Recovery,Treatment

Langone, M. (1993) Recovery From Cults. New York: W.W. Norton & Company.

Journal Article

Relationships Between Childhood Interpersonal Trauma, Religious Coping, Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms, and Resilience

Walker, H. E., Wamser‐Nanney, R., & Howell, K. H.

2021

Coping,Trauma,Children/Childhood

Walker, H. E., Wamser‐Nanney, R., & Howell, K. H. (2021). Relationships between childhood interpersonal trauma, religious coping, post-traumatic stress symptoms, and resilience. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 10.1177/0886260521991883

Journal Article

Religious and Spiritual Struggles and Their Links to Psychological Adjustment

Bockrath, J., Keon, K., & Hinton, J.

2022

Psychology,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Bockrath, J., Keon, K., & Hinton, J. (2022). Religious and spiritual struggles and their links to psychological adjustment. Psychology of Religion and Spirituality.

Journal Article

Religious Complexity and Intergroup Bias

Sharp, Shariff, & LaBouff

2020

Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Biases

Sharp, C. A., Shariff, A. F., & LaBouff, J. P. (2020). Religious complexity and intergroup bias. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 30(2), 73-88.

Journal Article

Religious Trauma and Moral Injury From LGBTQA+ Conversion Practices

Jones, T., Power, J., & Jones, T.

2022

Conversion Practices,LGBTQ,Moral Injury

Jones, T., Power, J., & Jones, T. (2022) Religious Trauma and Moral Injury From LGBTQA+ Conversion Practices. Social Science & Medicine.

Thesis

Religious Trauma Healing through Expressive Arts Therapy: A Literature Review

Whitman, A. S.

2025

Counseling/Therapy,Treatment

Whitman, A. S. (2025) Religious Trauma Healing through Expressive Arts Therapy: A Literature Review. Expressive Therapies Theses, 15. Obtained at digitalcommons.lesley.edu/expressive_therapies_theses/15.

Assessment Tool

Religious Trauma Inventory

Miller, A. C.

2023

Assessment/Questionnaire,Trauma

Miller, A. C. (2023) The Religious Trauma Inventory. Empathy Paradigm.

Journal Article

Religious Trauma Syndrome

Winell, M.

2011

Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Trauma,Recovery

Winell, M. (2011) Religious Trauma Syndrome. Series of 3 Articles in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Today.

Journal Article

Religious Trauma Syndrome: The Futile Fate of Faith

Sumeet Singh, A.K. Yadav, V.S. Chauhan, Mohit Agrawal

2024

Trauma,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Singh, S., Yadav, A. K., Chauhan, V. S., & Agrawal, M. (2024). Religious trauma syndrome: The futile fate of faith. Industrial Psychiatry Journal. 10.4103/ipj.ipj_87_24

Journal Article

Religious Trauma: Redefinition, Attachment Theory as a Conceptual Framework, and a Path Forward Utilizing Ecospirituality

Farrell, S.

2025

Attachment ,Religion/Spirituality

Farrell, S. (2025). Religious trauma: Redefinition, attachment theory as a conceptual framework, and a path forward utilizing Ecospirituality. Journal of Religion & Spirituality in Social Work. 1-14. 10.1080/15426432.2025.2520516.

Journal Article

Religious/Spiritual Abuse and Trauma: A Systematic Review of the Empirical Literature

Ellis, A., Hunsinger, L., Copen, M., & Evans, J.

2022

Abuse ,Trauma,Literature Review

Ellis, A., Hunsinger, L., Copen, M., & Evans, J. (2022). Religious/spiritual abuse and trauma: A systematic review of the empirical literature. Spirituality in Clinical Practice.

Journal Article

Religious/Spiritual Struggles and Mental Health Among Black Adolescents and Emerging Adults

Parker, J., Purvis, L., & Williams, B.

2023

Youth,BIPOC,Religion/Spirituality,Treatment

Parker, J., Purvis, L., & Williams, B. (2023) Religious/Spiritual Struggles and Mental Health Among Black Adolescents and Emerging Adults. Journal of Black Psychology.

Educational Tool

Representing & Supporting Autistic/Neurodivergent Cult Survivors

Eyles, P.

2022

Neurodivergence/Autism/ADHD,Cults

Eyles, P. (2022) Representing & Supporting Autistic/Neurodivergent Cult Survivors. Presentation for Audecademy.

Journal Article

Rituals as a Control Mechanism in Human Trafficking

Chisholm, A., Mark, I., Unigwe, S., & Katona, C.

2022

Control/Influence,Rituals,Trafficking

Chisholm, A., Mark, I., Unigwe, S., & Katona, C. (2022). Rituals as a Control Mechanism in Human Trafficking. Journal of Human Trafficking.

Journal Article

Second-Generation Adult Former Cult Group Members’ Recovery Experiences: Implications for Counseling

Matthews & Salazar

2014

Cults,Multigenerational,Recovery,Counseling/Therapy

Matthews, C. H., & Salazar, C. F. (2014). Second-generation adult former cult group members’ recovery experiences: Implications for counseling. International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling, 36, 188-203.

Journal Article

Sexual Orientation Change Efforts, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Suicide Ideation and Attempt Among Sexual Minority Adults

Blosnich, J. R., Marsiglio, M. C., & Ransford, H. E.

2020

Sex/Sexuality,Conversion Practices,Suicide,LGBTQ

Blosnich, J. R., Marsiglio, M. C., & Ransford, H. E. (2020). Sexual orientation change efforts, adverse childhood experiences, and suicide ideation and attempt among sexual minority adults. American Journal of Public Health.

Journal Article

Speaking With Us, Not For Us: Neurodiversity, Theology and Justice

Jacobs, N.

2023

Disability,Neurodivergence/Autism/ADHD,Theology

Jacobs, N. L. (2023). Speaking with us, not for us: Neurodiversity, theology and justice. Journal of Disability & Religion, 27(4), 584-605.

Book

Spiritual Abuse and Gender-Based Violence

Tomalin, E.

2023

Abuse ,Gender,Violence,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Tomalin, E. (2023). Spiritual abuse and gender-based violence. In P. Ali & M. M. Rogers (Eds.) Gender-Based Violence: A Comprehensive Guide (pp. 323-334). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Assessment Tool

Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ)

Keller, K.

2016

Assessment/Questionnaire,Religion/Spirituality,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Trauma

Keller, K. (2016) Doctoral Dissertation: “Development of a Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire”.

Journal Article

Spiritual and Religious Competencies in Psychology

Vieten, C & Lukoff, D.

2022

Treatment,Psychology,Religion/Spirituality

Vieten, C & Lukoff, D. (2022) Spiritual and Religious Competencies in Psychology. The American Psychologist.

Assessment Tool

Spiritual Harm & Abuse Scale (SHAS)

Koch, D.

2022

Assessment/Questionnaire,Religion/Spirituality,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Recovery

Koch, D. (2022) Spiritual Harm & Abuse Scale (SHAS) Clinical Screener.

Journal Article

Spiritual Issues in Psychotherapy

Vaughan, F.

1991

Recovery,Treatment,Religion/Spirituality

Vaughan, F. (1991) Spiritual Issues in Psychotherapy. Journal of Transpersonal Psychology.

Journal Article

Spiritual Trauma as a Manifestation of Religious and Spiritual Struggles in Female Victims of Sexual Abuse

Prusak, J. & Schab, A.

2022

Abuse ,Women,Sexual Abuse,Religion/Spirituality

Prusak, J. & Schab, A. (2022) Spiritual Trauma as a Manifestation of Religious and Spiritual Struggles in Female Victims of Sexual Abuse in Adolescence or Young Adulthood in the Catholic Church in Poland. Archive for the Psychology of Religion.

Journal Article

Spirituality and Trauma

Larsen, S. E., Hopkins, S., & Harris, I.

2025

Treatment,Assessment/Questionnaire,Counseling/Therapy

Larsen, S. E., Hopkins, S., & Harris, I. (n.d.). Spirituality and trauma. National Center for PTSD, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. Retrieved from www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/treat/txessentials/spirituality_trauma.asp

Book

Spirituality, Religion, and Complex Developmental Trauma

Van Deusen, S. & Courtois, C.

2015

PTSD/CPTSD,Development,Children/Childhood,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Religion/Spirituality,Trauma

Van Deusen, S., & Courtois, C. A. (2015). Spirituality, religion, and complex developmental trauma. In D. F. Walker, C. A. Courtois, & J. D. Aten (Eds.), Spiritually oriented psychotherapy for trauma (pp. 29–54). American Psychological Association.

Journal Article

Spirituality: The Search for the Sacred

Pargament, K. & Mahoney, A.

2012

Religion/Spirituality

Pargament, K. & Mahoney, A. (2012) Spirituality: The Search for the Sacred. The Oxford Handbook of Positive Psychology.

Journal Article

Stages of Change Model

Prochaska, J. & Norcross, J.

2002

Change,Assessment/Questionnaire

Prochaska, J. & Norcross, J. (2002). Stages of Change. Psychotherapy Relationships That Work: Therapist Contributions and Responsiveness to Patients (pp. 303–313).

Journal Article

The Anatomy of Undue Influence Used by Terrorist Cults and Traffickers to Induce Helplessness and Trauma

Hassan, S. & Shah, M.

2019

Cults,Control/Influence,Trauma

Hassan, S. & Shah, M. (2019) The Anatomy of Undue Influence Used by Terrorist Cults and Traffickers to Induce Helplessness and Trauma. Ethics, Medicine and Public Health.

Book

The Battered Woman Syndrome

Walker, L.

2017

Women,Violence,Trauma, Abuse

Walker, L. (2017) The Battered Woman Syndrome. Fourth Edition.

Thesis

The BITE Model of Authoritarian Control

Hassan, S.

2021

Authoritarianism,Brainwashing,Control/Influence

Hassan, S. (2021) The BITE Model of Authoritarian Control: Undue Influence, Thought Reform, Brainwashing, Mind Control, Trafficking, and the Law. Dissertation.

Book

The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma

Van der Kolk, B.

2014

Body ,Recovery,Somatic

Van der Kolk, B. (2014) The Body Keeps the Score: Brain, Mind, and Body in the Healing of Trauma.

Book

The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog: What Traumatized Children Can Teach Us About Loss, Love, and Healing

Perry, B. & Szalavitz, M.

2007

Children/Childhood,Development,Trauma

Perry, B. & Szalavitz, M. (2007) The Boy Who Was Raised as a Dog: What Traumatized Children Can Teach Us About Loss, Love, and Healing.

Journal Article

The Drama Triangle: Fairy Tales and Script Drama Analysis

Karpman, S.

1968

Relationships,Counseling/Therapy

Karpman, S. (1968) The Drama Triangle: Fairy Tales and Script Drama Analysis. Transactional Analysis Bulletin.

Journal Article

The Effect of Trauma on Religious Beliefs: A Structured Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Leo, D., Izadikhah, Z., Fein, E. C., & Forooshani, S. A.

2019

Trauma,Literature Review

Leo, D., Izadikhah, Z., Fein, E. C., & Forooshani, S. A. (2019). The effect of trauma on religious beliefs: A structured literature review and meta-analysis. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. 10.1177/1524838019834076

Journal Article

The Grooming of Children for Sexual Abuse in Religious Settings: Unique Characteristics and Select Case Studies

Raine, S. & Kent, S.

2019

Children/Childhood, Abuse ,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Sexual Abuse

Raine, S. & Kent, S. (2019) The Grooming of Children for Sexual Abuse in Religious Settings: Unique Characteristics and Select Case Studies. Aggression and Violent Behavior.

Journal Article

The Lived Experience of Spiritual Abuse, Mental Health, Religion & Culture

Ward, D.

2011

Abuse ,Religious/Spiritual Abuse,Religion/Spirituality,Trauma

Ward, D. (2011) The Lived Experience of Spiritual Abuse, Mental Health, Religion & Culture.

Journal Article

The Loss of the Self: Spiritual Abuse of Adults in the Context of the Catholic Church

Demasure, K.

2022

Abuse ,Catholic,Religion/Spirituality

Demasure, K. (2022). The Loss of the Self: Spiritual Abuse of Adults in the Context of the Catholic Church. Religions.

Journal Article

The Narcissistic Messiah: Personality Disorder, Sun Myung Moon, and its Legacy in the Unification Church

Kent, S. A., & Willey, R.

2025

Narcissism,Cults

Kent, S. A., & Willey, R. (2025). The narcissistic messiah: Personality disorder, Sun Myung Moon, and its legacy in the Unification Church. International Journal of Coercion, Abuse, and Manipulation, 8, 31–43. https://doi.org/10.54208/1000/0008/003

Journal Article

The Only Way Out is Through: The Peril of Spiritual Bypass

Cashwell, C., Bentley, D., & Yarborough, P.

2007

Bypassing,Religion/Spirituality

Cashwell, C., Bentley, D., & Yarborough, P. (2007) The Only Way Out is Through: The Peril of Spiritual Bypass. Counseling and Values.

Journal Article

The Sexual Abuse of Male Children by Church Personnel: Intervention and Prevention

Isely, P. J. & Isely, P.

1990

Sexual Abuse,Children/Childhood,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Isely, P. J., & Isely, P. (1990). The sexual abuse of male children by church personnel: Intervention and prevention. Pastoral Psychology, 39(2), 85-99.

Book

The Social Psychology of Religion

Argyle, M. & Beit-Hallahmi, B.

2013

Psychology,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Argyle, M. & Beit-Hallahmi, B. (2013) The Social Psychology of Religion. Psychology Revivals.

Book

The Subtle Power of Spiritual Abuse

Johnson, D. & VanVonderen, J.

2005

Abuse ,Power,Religion/Spirituality

Johnson, D. & VanVonderen, J. (2005) The Subtle Power of Spiritual Abuse.

Thesis

Therapeutic Considerations in the Treatment Religious Trauma

Doll, B. R.

2022

Treatment,Counseling/Therapy

Doll, B. R. (2022). Therapeutic Considerations in the Treatment Religious Trauma. California Southern University.

Journal Article

Therapeutic Implications of Religious-Related Emotional Abuse

Novšak, R., Mandelj, T., & Simonič, B.

2012

Trauma,Treatment,Counseling/Therapy

Novšak, R., Mandelj, T., & Simonič, B. (2012) Therapeutic Implications of Religious-Related Emotional Abuse. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma.

Journal Article

Thou Shalt Not: Treating Religious Trauma and Spiritual Harm With Combined Therapy

Stone, A.

2013

Treatment,Counseling/Therapy

Stone, A. (2013) Thou Shalt Not: Treating Religious Trauma and Spiritual Harm With Combined Therapy. Eastern Group Psychotherapy Society.

Book

Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of Brainwashing in China

Lifton, R.

1961

Brainwashing,Control/Influence

Lifton, R. (1961) Thought Reform and the Psychology of Totalism: A Study of Brainwashing in China.

Educational Tool

Timeline of Religious Trauma Awareness (Grapic)

Peck, B.

2022

Religion/Spirituality,Timeline,Trauma

Peck, B. (2022) Timeline of Religious Trauma Awareness (Graphic).

Book

Toward a Psychology of Awakening: Buddhism, Psychotherapy and the Path of Personal and Spiritual Transformation

Wellwood, J.

2002

Religion/Spirituality,Bypassing,Psychology

Welwood, J. (2002). Toward a psychology of awakening: Buddhism, psychotherapy, and the path of personal and spiritual transformation. Shambhala Publications.

Book

Trauma and Recovery: From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror

Herman, J.

1993

Abuse ,Domestic/Interpersonal Violence,Politics,Recovery,Trauma

Herman, J. (1993) Trauma and Recovery: From Domestic Abuse to Political Terror.

Journal Article

UK Victim-Survivor Experiences of Intimate Partner

Mulvihill, N.

2022

Domestic/Interpersonal Violence, Abuse ,Violence,Victimization

Mulvihill, N. (2022) UK Victim-Survivor Experiences of Intimate Partner. Criminology and Criminal Justice.

Journal Article

Understanding Reproductive Coercion in Cults and Destructive Group Settings

Weltz, A., Dubrow-Marshall, L., Dubrow-Marshall, R.

2025

Women,Cults,Coercion,Control/Influence

Weltz, A., Dubrow-Marshall, L., & Dubrow-Marshall, R. (2025). Understanding reproductive coercion in cults and destructive group settings. International Journal of Coercion, Abuse, and Manipulation, 8, 148–175. https://doi.org/10.54208/1000/0008/008

Journal Article

Understanding the Role of Religious and Spiritual Interventions on Healing of Psychological Traumas: A Qualitative Overview

Asgari, Z. & Aghajani, A.

2025

Recovery,Religion/Spirituality,Trauma

Asgari, Z. & Aghajani, A. (2025). Understanding the Role of Religious and Spiritual Interventions on Healing of Psychological Traumas: A Qualitative Overview. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. 10.22062/jqr.2025.200521.1502.

Journal Article

Understanding the Traumatic Narcissism Theory and its Clinical Utility

Shaw, D

2025

Narcissism, Abuse ,Treatment

Shaw, D. (2025). Understanding the traumatic narcissism theory and its clinical utility. International Journal of Coercion, Abuse, and Manipulation, 8, 81–92. https://doi.org/10.54208/1000/0008/005

Journal Article

Unheard Voices: Sexually Intimate Relations of Women in Guangzhou, China, and Relationship to Cults

Whitsett, D., Land, H., Pei, Y., & Brooks, D.

2023

Cults,Women,Sex/Sexuality

Whitsett, D., Land, H., Pei, Y., & Brooks, D. (2023). Unheard voices: Sexually intimate relations of women in Guangzhou, China, and relationship to cults. International Journal of Coercion, Abuse, and Manipulation, 7, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.54208/1000/0007/002

Journal Article

Use of Religious and Spiritual Responses After Trauma to Prevent Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Suicidality: The Role of Meaning in Life

Sinnott, S., Park, C. L., George, J. R., Gnall, K. E., & David, A. B.

2023

Trauma,Religion/Spirituality,Treatment

Sinnott, S., Park, C. L., George, J. R., Gnall, K. E., & David, A. B. (2023). Use of religious and spiritual responses after trauma to prevent posttraumatic stress symptoms and suicidality: The role of meaning in life. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy. 10.1002/cpp.2902

Journal Article

Using EMDR With Survivors of Sexual Abuse

Farrell, et al.

2010

Sexual Abuse,EMDR,Counseling/Therapy

Farrell, D., Dworkin, M., Keenan, P., & Spierings, J. (2010). Using EMDR with survivors of sexual abuse perpetrated by Roman Catholic priests. Journal of EMDR Practice and Research, 4(3), 124-133.

Journal Article

Victims Are Not Guilty: Spiritual Abuse and Eccleasiastical Responsibility

Farrell, D., Dworkin, M., Keenan, P., & Spierings, J.

2022

Sexual Abuse,Religious Leaders/Clergy

Fernandez, F (2022) Victims Are Not Guilty: Spiritual Abuse and Eccleasiastical Responsibility. Religions.

Journal Article

Vulnerability, Vulnerability, Vulnerance and Resilience: Spiritual Abuse and Sexual Violence in New Spiritual Communities

Keul, H.

2022

Sexual Abuse,Violence,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Keul, H. (2022) Vulnerability, Vulnerability, Vulnerance and Resilience: Spiritual Abuse and Sexual Violence in New Spiritual Communities. Religions.

Book

Walking Free From the Trauma of Coercive, Cultic and Spiritual Abuse: A Workbook for Recovery and Growth

Jenkinson, G.

2023

Coercion,Cults,Recovery

Jenkinson, G. (2023) Walking Free From the Trauma of Coercive, Cultic and Spiritual Abuse: A Workbook for Recovery and Growth.

Educational Tool

What Is Trauma-Informed Therapy? Definition, Techniques, and Efficacy

Marschall, A.

2024

Counseling/Therapy,Trauma,Treatment

Marschall, A. (2024) What Is Trauma-Informed Therapy? Definition, Techniques, and Efficacy. VeryWellMind Blog Post.

Book

When Narcissism Comes to Church: Healing Community from Emotional and Spiritual Abuse

DeGroat, C. & Mouw, R.

2020

Narcissism,Religious Leaders/Clergy,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

DeGroat, C. & Mouw, R. (2020) When Narcissism Comes to Church: Healing Community from Emotional and Spiritual Abuse.

Journal Article

When Religion Hurts: Supervising Cases of Religious Abuse

Cashwell, C. & Swindle, P.

2018

Supervision,Counseling/Therapy,Religious/Spiritual Abuse

Cashwell, C. & Swindle, P. (2018) When Religion Hurts: Supervising Cases of Religious Abuse. The Clinical Supervisor.

Journal Article

White Jesus: The Architecture of Racism in Religion and Education

Iluzada, C.

2021

Racism,BIPOC,Religion/Spirituality

Iluzada, C. (2021). White Jesus: The architecture of racism in religion and education. International Journal of Christianity & Education, 25(3), 365-367.